The Philosopher's Toolkit

Acknowledgements xiii

Alphabetical Table of Contents xv

Preface xix

Internet Resources for Philosophers xxi

1 Basic Tools for Argument 1

1.1 Arguments, premises, and conclusions 1

1.2 Deduction 7

1.3 Induction 9

1.4 Validity and soundness 15

1.5 Invalidity 19

1.6 Consistency 21

1.7 Fallacies 25

1.8 Refuta...