James Edward Keeler (1857–1900) was an eminent American astronomer whose work in the late 19th century significantly impacted the field of astrophotography and spectroscopy. Keeler became the first astronomer to decisively confirm the existence of spiral nebulae through his dedicated observations using the Crossley Reflector at Lick Observatory. His pioneering book, 'Photographs of Nebulæ and Clus...