Keynotes in Organic Chemistry

Preface xi

1 Structure and bonding 1

1.1 Ionic versus covalent bonds 1

1.2 The octet rule 2

1.3 Formal charge 2

1.4 Sigma and pi bonds 3

1.5 Hybridisation 4

1.6 Inductive effects, hyperconjugation and mesomeric effects 6

1.7 Acidity and basicity 9

2 Functional groups, nomenclature and drawing organic compounds 21

2.1 Functional groups 21

2.2 Alkyl and aryl groups 22

2.3 Alkyl substitution 23

2.4 N...