reading

TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE.

SCARCELY ever has a book found its way through Europe and the whole civilized world in so incredibly short a time as the little volume of which this is a translation.

The author in the brief and plain sketch of his life at once endears himself to the reader. From the humble place of his birth we follow him through the toils of his early life: with him we feel grateful to the kind friend under whose hospitable roof the poor traveler found not only shelter but also the longed-for teacher. We, then, accompany him through his college years and witness his indefatigable zeal in the pursuit of his studies, but alas! when about to congratulate him on their prosperous termination, we are suddenly grieved at the saddening aspect of his failing health. Certainly the shortsightedness of human understanding with regard to the plans of Divine Providence cannot be more sorely tried than it was in the poor student's case; but thus it had to be in order to make his life that wonderful illustration of the Apostle's word: "To them that love God, all things work together unto good." (Rom. VIII. 28.)

Finding help nowhere and lacking both physical and mental strength to achieve what he had commenced, the young man was left to spend his time in the royal library. Here one day an old little book attracts his curiosity, he opens it, it treats of water-cures. This moment was to be a turning-point in his life. The contents of the small unsightly volume were to be the rough outline of a plan which, in its completion, has become a blessing for numbers of his fellow-creatures who, laboring under more or less grievous disease, were restored to the full possession of bodily health and mental vigor; for as soon as the author in this early period of his life had experienced the salutary effects of water, it seemed but natural to his noble heart to make as many as possible partakers of the benefit he then enjoyed in the sense of undisturbed health. Since his endeavors in this respect had for their sole objects the glory of God and the good of poor sufferers, since he sought neither honor nor any other earthly reward, he was well armed against the temptation to give up a work which, besides adding considerably to the exertions imposed on him by his sacred office, earned for him much contradiction and ingratitude.

For many years had he continued to attend to the cure of human bodies without neglecting the least of his obligations to the immortal souls, before he yielded to the entreaties of thousands who urged him to write down the results of his study and experience of the water-cure and render them thus useful also to those who were unable to profit by his oral advice. His book obtained for him what he had neither aimed at, nor wished for: his name, always pronounced with love and veneration within the limited sphere of his activity as parish-priest, has since acquired more than European fame. The eyes of the whole civilized world look with admiration on the aged pastor of the humble Bavarian village and, attracted by the wisdom of his counsels and the kindness of his heart, numbers of invalids are daily seen to gather round him for help and advice.

I myself have had the enviable fortune of living for nearly two years on most confidential terms with the venerable man. The look of his eyes so penetrating and yet so full of compassion, the unpretentiousness and simplicity of manners displayed in his personal intercourse with all classes of men, the noble disposition of his heart, the disinterestedness in all his attempts for the good of others, act like as many charms delighting and fascinating everyone that approaches him. The rich and the poor, the prince and the beggar, are all welcomed by the same kindly look, the same loving heart. The artless, I should almost say. the rustic style which characterizes his oral counsels is a peculiar feature also of "My Water-cure." I should consider it a want of filial piety and affection for in v fatherly friend and master, were I in my translation to deviate from his principle of simplicity by turning his winds into elegant periods.

Moreover was it expressly desired by the author that translations of his book should be complete, correct, and, as much as possible, literal. He wrote "My Water-cure" chiefly for the lower classes, for poor country people who lack either means or convenience to have recourse to medical aid in their maladies, and this circumstance particularly made him fear that want of correctness in translating might be of fatal consequences. Since there has already been edited another English translation which cannot claim to be either correct or complete, I myself thought it especially advisable to produce a literal translation of the thirty-third German edition which has been quite recently thoroughly revised by the author.

This translation has the additional advantage of numerous illustrations representing the medicinal herbs and their essential parts, which will, besides imparting knowledge about the plants, facilitate the work of the gatherer.

The consideration that the master having all means of greater elegance at his command, chose nevertheless simplicity to be the prominent feature of his style, and the fad that in spite of this, two hundred thousand copies of his book have been published, was apt to confirm me in my resolution at the risk of doing even more violence to the polished English language than the author did to his native tongue.

These are the grounds on which I base the hope that my readers will judge kindly about my work. I shall consider it the most desirable compensation for my toils if it will prove of real and lasting profit to all who wish to follow its advice. If they are Christians the venerable person of the author will increase their confidence in his counsels; if they are not Christians they may remember that his heart beats warm for all and that, by making "My Water-cure" known to the world, he wished to benefit all without exception.

For any explanation or detail respecting the contents of this book, apply to the Editor.

ST. D.

PREFACE TO THE FIRST GERMAN EDITION.

BEING a priest, the salvation of immortal souls is the first object for which I wish to live and to die. During the last thirty or forty years, however, the care for mortal bodies has absorbed a considerable portion of my time and strength. This work I have never sought after; on the contrary every patient coming to me is (naturally speaking) a burden to me. Only the thought of Him who came down from Heaven to heal all our infirmities, and the remembrance of His promise: ''Blessed are the merciful; for they will obtain mercy," and: "Even a cup of cold water given in .My name shall not be unrewarded," was able to detain me from refusing all petitions, no matter who the petitioner might be. The temptation to do so was the more natural, because not profit, but incalculable loss of time, not honor, but often calumny and persecution, not gratitude, but in many cases ingratitude, scorn and insults, were my reward. But God allowed it to be so, and I shall not complain of it. It is easily to be understood that after such an experience I feel not much inclined to write,' especially now that I am feeling the weight of old age, and both mind and body long for rest.

Only the constant and impetuous urging of my friends who call it a sin against charity if I do not write down before my death what I have learned by experience, the innumerable petitions of those who have been cured, and most of all the entreaties of poor, abandoned and helpless patients in the country, could induce me to make up my mind to write a book on "My Water-cure," almost against my will.

I have had a peculiar affection and care for the poorer classes, the sick farmers who are so often neglected and forsaken, and to them especially I dedicate my little book; therefore the language is plain and clear. I have purposely tried to use familiar language, instead of giving a dry, inefficacious skeleton. If one or the other story is somewhat long, or if repetitions occur, I trust the reader will overlook it on account of my good intention.

It was by no means my intention to oppose any of the existing medical systems, or to attack any individual, or his science and reputation, most certainly not.

Of course, I am aware that only professional men are called upon to publish such things; but 1 am sure that just such men will be glad to see that even a layman imparts his knowledge obtained by long years' experience. Everyone will be welcome to me who with a sincere heart wishes to correct me or to give me useful hints; but I shall leave unnoticed those who criticize out of party-spirit, and call me a bungler and quack.

My earnest wish has been that a professional man, a physician, would release me of this heavy burden and heavy work, and I should feel so happy if at last these professional men would begin to study the system of hydropathy thoroughly and put it in practice under their inspection; this little work of mine could then be of some use to them. I can give assurance that notwithstanding my sometimes reserved behavior, the sick and suffering people who came to me, could be numbered by thousands and tens of thousands, and I could easily have become rich, and very rich, if I had accepted only part of the sums offered to me for cures.

Many came saying: I will give you $50 or $100 if you cure me. The sufferer looks out for help, wherever he can find it. and be is happy to pay the physician who has healed him, whether it be with the medicine bottle or with the water jug.

There have been celebrated physicians who practiced The water-cures with energy and great success; but they died, and their hints, counsels and experiences were buried with them. May now at last the dawn be followed by a full and lasting morning!

All names given or indicated in this book I can answer for, and on application will be ready to give the addresses in full. It may be that sometimes my expressions are a little harsh; but that springs from my somewhat austere and rough disposition. With it I have grown old, and disguise of my nature would be hard now to me.

I trust the blessing of Almighty God may accompany my little book on its travels. And when one day my friends of the water-cure are told that I have departed this life, I beg of them to send me a refreshing "Our Father" to the place where the physician of physicians heals and purifies the souls.

Wörishofen, Railway Station Türkheim in Swabia, October 1st, 1886.

THE AUTHOR.

PREFACE TO THE FIFTIETH GERMAN EDITION.

HAD a stranger passed through Wörishofen six years ago, counting the house-numbers as he went along, he might have said to himself: "This is not a bad place, it has a good many buildings." Now, in the year 1894 going again through the same Wörishofen, and counting the old houses as they stood when he last saw them, and the new ones which had sprung up since, he might exclaim full of astonishment: "Well! how has it come about that the new houses are almost outnumbering the old ones? What can have influenced these people so powerfully as to cause them to build so much?" To this he could not obtain a better answer than the following: "Father Kneipp has written a book called: 'My Water-cure', and has sent it out into the world, as a father sends his son. This book has taught and enlightened young and old, rich and poor, high and low, as to how they should make use of water, and how they can by its various applications be cured of disease and be delivered from many ills, or at the very least find relief. On account of this book invalids have come to Wörishofen in increasing numbers from year to year, so that, at last, the available houses became insufficient for their accommodation,— and that is the reason why so many new buildings have been erected."

The book "My Water-cure" has now outlived its fiftieth edition and would like to celebrate its

JUBILEE

and to cry out to men, especially to the sick: "Learn ye to know water, its application and its effects, and it will bring you help where help is possible!"

As regards me, I can only rejoice and wish from my heart that, in times to come, all the sick may find this relief and help. I particularly wish that medical practitioners would hasten to make proper use of water, this gift of the Creator, and to grant this step-child a place in their households and among their store of remedies.

To the fiftieth edition I give the mission: Take care of the sick that they may be cured! Be a good friend to the healthy that they may not fall ill! And as I, a Priest, offer daily the Holy Sacrifice, so shall all those who come to Wörishofen, together with those who employ the cure at home, be included in my prayers, that they may obtain the blessing of Heaven for their recovery. Wörishofen, Candlemas-day, 1804.

THE AUTHOR.

INTRODUCTION.

JUST as on a tree no leaf resembles perfectly to another, so also do men's destinies differ one from the other. If every man were to write a sketch of his own life, we should have as many different tales as there are men. Intricate are the ways twisting themselves in our life in every direction, sometimes like an inextricable ball of confused silk, the threads of which seem to be laid without plan or purpose. So it frequently seems; but it never is so in reality. Faith darts its enlightening beam into the darkness, and shows how all these entangled paths serve wise purposes, and how all of them lead to one end, designed and fixed by the all-wise Creator from the beginning. The ways of providence are wonderful.

Looking back from the high watch-tower of old age on the past years of my life and all the complications of my paths, they seem to wind themselves sometimes on the brink of the abyss; but they lead against all expectation to the glorious heights of vocation, and finally attain them, and I have every reason to praise the tender and wise ruling of Providence, the more so as the paths which, according to human ideas, seemed to be sad and leading to death, showed to me and numberless others the opening to a new life.

I was more than 21 years old when I left my home as a weaver seeking employment; but, since the days of my childhood, something else had occupied my mind. With unspeakable pain and longing desire for the realization of my ideal, I had awaited this departure for long, long years, as my sole wish was to become a priest.

I went away then, not as was expected to throw the weaver's shuttle, but I hurried from place to place seeking for someone who would provide me with the means for studying. The now deceased Prelate Matthias Merkle (died 1881) at that time chaplain in Gronenbach, took me under his care, gave me private instructions during two years, and with indefatigable zeal tried to prepare me for the gymnasium, so that I was able to be received there at the end of that time. It was no easy task and its effects on my body and mind seemed to render all my efforts utterly useless. After five years of the greatest exertions and privations my strength both physical and mental was broken. Once my father came to town to take me away, and even now the words of the innkeeper, at whose inn we stopped, seem still to be ringing in my ears. "Weaver," he said, "this is the last time you will come to fetch your student.'' A physician in the army, a celebrated man, who at that time was known as a benevolent and generous helper of poor patients, visited me 90 times in the second last year of my studies, and in the last one more than a hundred times. He wished ever so much to help me, but my increasing debility rendered his medicinal knowledge and devoted charity unavailable. I myself had given up all hope long ago, and was expecting my end with quiet resignation. To procure a little amusement and distraction of mind, I used to run over the pages of many books. By chance — I only use this customary but insignificant word, because it is customary; for things never happen by chance — an unsightly little book fell into my hands; T opened it; it treated of the water-cure. I read the book and found in it descriptions of various diseases and the wonderful effects obtained by the use of the water-cure.

At last this was the thought which struck me: You may find your own state described in it. And so it was; my state was represented to a hair's breadth. What joy! What comfort! New hopes electrified my withered body and my still more withered mind. At first this little book was the straw to which I clung; soon afterwards it became the staff which supported the sufferer; to-day I acknowledge it to be the life-boat sent to me by a merciful Providence at the right time, at the hour of extreme need. This little book, treating of the healing power of fresh water, is written by a physician; the applications are most of them extremely rugged and rigid. I tried them for:! months, for (! months; no real improvement ensued, but at the same lime I did not grow worse and that gave me new courage. I spent the winter of 1849 in Dillingen. Two or three times a week I went to a solitary spot to bathe in the Danube for some moments. Quickly I ran to the spot; more speedily I hastened back to my warm room at home. This cold exercise never hurt me, but, as I thought, it was of no great use either. In 1850 I came to the Georgianum in Munich. And there I found a poor student who was in a much more miserable state than myself. The physician of the institution refused to give him the certificate of health necessary for his ordination, declaring that he would not live much longer. Now I had a dear companion whom I initiated into the mysteries of my little book, and we tried to surpass each other in the practice of the various water applications. In a short time my friend got the desired certificate, and at the present day he is still alive. I myself grew continually stronger, I became a priest and am living as such over 44 years. My friends tell me that they admire the power of my voice and are amazed at the bodily strength I enjoy at the age of 76. The water remained my well tested friend, and who can blame me, if I remain faithful to it also?

He who has been in want and misery himself, knows how to sympathize with the want and misery of his neighbor. Not all patients arc alike unfortunate, and surely he who has the means of regaining health, can easily reconcile himself with a short time of suffering. Such rich patients I have refused by the hundreds and thousands during the first years. But the poor man, who is needy and abandoned, given up by the physicians and no longer helped by medicaments and remedies, has every right to our sympathies. Great numbers of this kind of people are my favorite patients; such poor and entirely forsaken people I have never sent away. It would seem hard, unconscientious, and ungrateful to shut my door upon such poor sufferers, or to deny them the resources which brought me health and strength in my times of need.

The great number of sufferers, the still greater difference of their sufferings, urged me to enrich my experience in the use of water and to perfect the method of applying it.

To my first adviser, the well-known little book, I am always indebted for the introductory lessons I learned from it, hut I soon found out that many applications were too rigid, too violent and discouraging for human nature. For this reason people called at first the water-cure a "horse-cure," and up to this day many who abuse that which they do not understand, like to give the name of swindle and quackery to everything connected with the water-cure.

I willingly grant that many applications and exercises of the primitive and still undeveloped water-cure were more suited to a muscular and strong-limbed horse than to a human being covered with soft flesh and stringed with tender nerves.

In the life of the celebrated F. Ravignan S. J. the following incident is recorded: "His complaint, a disease of the throat, was increasing on account of too great exertion, (he was a celebrated preacher who practiced his sacred office with apostolic zeal in Paris, London, and many other large towns) and soon became chronical. ––– His windpipe was simply one wound, his voice was entirely gone. He had to spend two whole years (1846 — 48) in a state of inactivity and suffering; and cures tried at several places, change of air in the south, were of no result. In June 1848, F. Ravignan was living with Doctor K. R. .in his country-house in the vale at B. One morning after Mass, the doctor looked anxious and announced to the assembled family that F. Ravignan felt worse and could not come to breakfast. Then he himself disappeared and went to the patient saying: "Arise and follow me!" "But where to?" the latter replied. "I am going to throw you into the water." "Into the water?" said Ravignan, "with my fever and my cough? But never mind, I am in your hands and must obey." A so-called shower-bath was meant, a violent but efficient remedy, as the biographer says. The effect was evident. At dinner time that same day, the doctor triumphantly produced his patient, then remarkably better; and he who was voiceless in the morning, told the tale of his recovery at night.

This, I too, term somewhat of a "horse-cure" which, notwithstanding the good result, I should not like to imitate or to recommend for imitation.

Here I must state that I do not approve of all the applications now in use in the water-cure hospitals; of some of them I even strictly disapprove. They appear to me too strong, and, pardon the expression, too fanatical. Too many things are treated exactly alike, and much too little difference is made, in my opinion, between the various patients, their greater or lesser weakness, their more or less obstinate illness, the more or less advanced devastation and consequences, etc. etc.

It is just in the variety of the applications and in their proper choice, that the master-hand will and must be recognized.

Patients of the different hospitals came to me complaining bitterly: "It is beyond endurance, it is killing me." But thus it ought not to be. Once a healthy man presented himself to me, asserting that he had been injured by washing himself in the morning. "How did you do that?" I asked him. "I put my head under the pump and let the icy water run over it for a quarter of an hour!" It would certainly be a miracle, if such an unreasonable man did not entirely ruin himself. We mock and deride such a foolish proceeding, and yet, how many who must he supposed to know how to apply the water reasonably, have acted just as foolishly, in my opinion even more foolishly, and thereby prejudiced the patients against the water forever. I could give numerous instances which would be just as many proofs of my assertion.

I warn against every too strong or too frequent application of water, for that which otherwise would be an advantage of the curing element, is thereby turned to injury, and the hopeful confidence of the patient is changed into fear and horror. For 30 years, I have tried every single application upon myself. Three times — this I acknowledge openly — I found myself induced to change my system, to loosen the strings, to descend from strictness to mildness, from great to still greater mildness. According to my present conviction, now fixed for 17 years and tested by innumerable cures, he who knows how to apply tin water in the plainest, easiest and most simple way. will produce the most profitable effects and the safest results. The various modes in which I use the water as a remedy, are told in the third part of this book, treating of the different diseases. In the second part (see the particular preface), I have given, especially for country people, some remedies to make a family herb tea chest, which herbs, applied interiorly, tend to the same purposes as the water; either to dissolve, to evacuate, or to strengthen.

To every patient consulting me I put some questions so as not to act too hastily and to his disadvantage.

In like manner this little book is bound to answer shortly the following questions:

1. What is sickness, and what is the common source of all sickness?

The human body is one of the most marvelous structures of God's creative hand. Every joint agrees to joint, every accurately measured limb to the harmonious whole, combined to an astonishing unity. More remarkable still is the conjunction of the organs, and their activity within the body. Even the most disbelieving physician and naturalist, who "has not found a soul with his lancet and his dissecting knife," cannot refuse his most just and highest admiration to the inimitable wisdom displayed in the structure of the human body. — This euphony and harmony, called good health, is disturbed by different causes, which we call "diseases." Such diseases of the body, interior and exterior, belong to the daily bread which most human creatures must eat, willingly or unwillingly. All these diseases whatever their names may be, have their cause, origin, root and their germ in the blood, or rather in disturbances of the blood, whether it be only disturbed in its circulation, or corrupted in its ingredients by humors not belonging to it. The net of blood-vessels spreads its red vital spirit through the whole body, in its suitable way. Order consists in proportion; every too much or too little in the tempo of the circulation of the blood, every penetration of foreign elements, disturbs the peace, the concord, causes discord, changes health to sickness.

2. How is the healing to be effected?

By the tracks in the snow the expert hunter discerns the game; he follows these tracks according as he wishes to hunt a deer, a chamois, or a fox. An able physician soon knows where the disease is, in what it has originated, what progress it has made. The symptoms show him the disease, the latter indicates the remedies to be chosen. Home would say: This procedure is most plain. Yes, sometimes it is, but sometimes it is not. If someone comes to me with frozen ears, I directly know that this has been caused by severe cold; if a person sitting at the millstone suddenly screams, having his finger crushed, I need not ask what is the matter with him. But it is not so easy even with ordinary headache or with diseases of the stomach, of the nerves, or of the heart, which originate not only in several or manifold causes, but very often in diseases" of the neighboring organs, which diseases injure the action of the stomach, the heart, or the kidneys. A straw stops the pendulum of the largest clock; a mere trifle is able to disturb the heart most painfully. But it is precisely in finding this trifle that the difficulty consists, for the examination is often very complicated and mistakes of many kinds are likely to occur. Many of such instances are to be found in the third part of this book.

If I strike the trunk of a young oak-tree with my foot or an axe, it will tremble; every branch, every leaf moves. How mistaken I should be, if I were to conclude that because the leaf trembles, it must have been attacked directly, or touched by something. No, it is because the whole trunk trembles, that the branch and the leaf, as a part and particle of the trunk, do the same. The nerves are such branches of the trunk of our body. "He suffers with his nerves; the nerves are attacked." What does this mean? No, the whole organism has received a shock, has been weakened, therefore the nerves are trembling too.

Cut one thread of the skillful cobweb of a spider, running from the center to the outline, very cautiously, and the whole net shrinks, and the quadrangles and triangles, spun with a wonderful accuracy and seeming to be measured out with compasses, suddenly form the most irregular and disordered figures. How foolish it would be to think that this time the spider must have made important mistakes in weaving its silken house. Tut the little thread in its place again, and instantly the former wonderful order is restored. The art consists in finding out this single small thread; to fumble about in the cobweb, would be to destroy it entirely. I leave it to everyone to make the application himself, and conclude with the true answer to our question: How plain, uncomplicated and easy the cure is, how it almost excludes every possibility of mistake, as soon as I know that every disease is caused by disturbances of the blood. The work of healing can only consist in one of the two tasks: either to lead the irregularly circulating blood to its normal course, or to endeavor to evacuate the bad juices, the morbid matter, which disturbs the right combination and condition of the blood. There is no further work to be done except the strengthening of the enfeebled organism.

3. In what way does the water effect the cure?

The ink-blot on your hand can be quickly washed off by the water, the bleeding wound is cleansed by it. If in summer-time after the day's exertions you wash the sweat off your forehead with fresh water, you feel quite revived; it refreshes, strengthens and does you good. The mother, perceiving scurf on her baby's little head, takes warm water, and through it the scurf is dissolved.

Dissolving, evacuating (washing off. as it were), strengthening, these three unquestioned qualities of the water, are sufficient for us, and we make the assertion:

The water, in particular my water-cure, heals all diseases in any way curable; for the various applications of water tend to remove the roots of the disease; they are able:

a) To dissolve the morbid matter in the blood,

b) to evacuate what is dissolved,

c) to make the cleansed blood circulate rightly again,

d) finally, to harden the enfeebled organism, i.e. to strengthen it for new activity.

4. What is the cause of the sensibility of the present generation, of the striking susceptibility for all possible diseases, of which even the names were scarcely known in former days?

Of course, many people would like to dispense me from this question. Nevertheless it appears to me to be of great importance, and I state, without hesitation, that these evils arise from want of hardening. The effemination of the people living now-a-days has reached a high degree. The weak and delicate, the poor of blood and nervous, the sick of heart or stomach, almost form the rule; the strong and vigorous are the exception. People are affected by every change of weather; the turn of season does not pass by without colds in the head and cheat; even the too quickly entering a warm room, when coming from the cold street, does not remain unrevenged, etc. etc. Fifty or sixty years ago it was quite different, and where shall we come to, if, according to the general complaint of the thoughtful, mankind's strength and life are decreasing so rapidly, if decay begins even before man has reached maturity? It is high time to see what is wanting. As a small contribution towards remedying such a distressing state of affairs we offer the few simple and safe remedies for hardening the skin, the whole body and single pails of the body. These may be added to the water-applications. These remedies have already been accepted by numbers of persons of all conditions, first by some of them with ridicule, but afterwards practiced with trust and with visible success. Vivant sequentes!

Treatises, as important as that about hardening, could be written on food, clothing and airing; this will perhaps be done later on. I am quite aware that my particular opinions will be strongly contradicted; nevertheless I keep to them; for they have been ripened by an experience of long years. They are not mushrooms sprung up in my brain during the night; they are precious fruits, hard and severe perhaps to incarnate prejudices, but extremely relishing to a sound mental digestion. 1 only want to give some hints regarding the food.

My chief rule is: Dry, simple, nourishing household-fare not spoiled by art or by strong spices; the drink should be the genuine beverage offered by Cod in every well. Both taken moderately are the best and most wholesome nourishment for the human body. (I am not a Puritan and allow gladly a glass of wine or beer, but without regarding them as important as they uncommonly believed to be.) From a medicinal view, after illness for instance, these beverages may sometimes play a part; but for healthy people I prefer fruits.

As regards clothing, I follow the maxim of our forefathers: Self-spun and self-made is the best country garb. First I oppose the striking inequality or rather unequal distribution of clothing, especially in winter time which is a great injury to health. The head has its fur cap, the neck its tight collar, covered with a woolen scarf a yard long; the shoulder's wear a: 3 or 4 fold cover; for walks a wadded cloak or even a fur-cape; only the feet, the poor neglected feet, are covered as in summer, merely with socks or stockings and with shoes or boots. What are the consequences of such an unreasonable partiality? The upper clothing and wrappers draw up blood and warmth to the upper story, while the lower parts are suffering from want of blood and from cold; headache, congestions, enlargement of the arteries o-f the head, hundreds of indispositions and miseries become vexed problems.

Further I oppose thick woolen clothing, worn next to the skin, but I approve of the under-clothing made of firm, dry, strong linen, or hemp-cloth. The latter is to me the best skin on the skin which never effeminates it but does the good service of a rubber. The many-branched, hairy, greasy texture of the wool on the bare body (how the wool serves my purposes, is said in the general explanations of my water applications) I look upon as a sucker of fluids and warmth, as a concurring cause of the dreadfully spreading want of blood in our weak, miserable generation. The newest method of wool-wearing in the revised style will not remedy this want nor aid the blood either. Younger people may live to experience this and to outlive the method. —

Now to the airing. — We prefer by far fish obtained from spring-water, or trout from the mountain streams to all others; fish from rivulets are inferior; those from ponds in moors and marshes, with their disgusting taste, we leave to somebody else. There is likewise moor and marsh air, and whoever inhales it, feeds his lungs with pestilential vapor. A celebrated physician says that the air, when inhaled for the third time, has the effect of poison. Indeed, if people would understand how to provide their sitting – and especially their bed-rooms, with pure, fresh air, they would prevent many indispositions and many diseases. The pure air is spoiled mostly by breathing. We know very well that 1 or 2 grains of incense strewn on the glowing fire, fill a whole room with perfume, and we know likewise that 15 - 20 puffs from a cigar or pipe are sufficient to make a large room smell of the smoke. Often the most insignificant thing is enough to spoil the pure air in one way or the other, agreeably or disagreeably. Is not breathing similar to such smoke? How many breaths do we take in a minute, in an hour, during the day, the night? How much must the air become spoiled, though we do not see the vapor? And if I do not air, i.e. purify the bad atmosphere spoiled by carbonic acid, what infected air, what miasmas, are streaming into the lungs? The consequences cannot, and will not, be other than injurious.

Like breathing and exhalation, too much heat is prejudicial to the wholesome, pure, vital air, especially too much heating of rooms. The air becomes bad, as the heat consumes and destroys the oxygen, it is rendered unfit for maintaining life and therefore injurious to breathing. 59 — (14 degrees are sufficient, 68 degrees should never be exceeded.

Care should be taken to air thoroughly all the sitting- and bedrooms, day by day, in such a way that without trouble to anyone each one's health may draw benefit from it. Above all great attention must be given to the airing of the beds.

Now I have stated what I considered necessary to be said on these points. It is sufficient to serve as a picture of a stranger who knocks at your door, and whether you admit him friendly or dismiss him unheard, he is prepared for both, and must be contented with either.

PART I. WATER APPLICATIONS.

GENERAL REMARKS.

THE applications of water used in my establishment and described in this first part, are divided into:

Wet sheets,

Baths,

Vapor baths,

Gushes,

Ablutions,

Wet bandages (packages),

Drinking of water.

The subdivisions of each application are given in the first index. The name and the meaning of strange sounding practices are explained in their proper place. The applications of water tend to the triple aim:

1) To dissolve,

2) to evacuate the morbid matters, and

3) to strengthen the organism.

In general it may be said that the dissolving is brought about by the vapors and the hot baths of medicinal herbs; the evacuation by the water packages and partly by the gushes and wet sheets; the strengthening by the cold baths, gushes, partly by the ablutions, and finally by the entire system of hardening.

I cannot and will net give particulars here in order to avoid misunderstanding.

As every disease originates as previously stated in disorders of the blood, it is evident that in every ease of dis ease all the respective applications must be used more or less dissolving, evacuating and strengthening; further, that not only the suffering part, foot, or hand, or head, as the case may be, is to be treated, but always the whole body through every part of which the bad blood is flowing: of course the diseased part with preference, the rest of the body only as fellow-sufferer. It would be partial and wrong to act otherwise with regard to these two important points. Many instances in the third part of this book will justify my statement.

Whoever uses the water as a remedy, according to my ideas and wishes, will never think the applications to be for his own whims, i.e. he never will use an application just because he likes to do so; he will never, like a fool, take pleasure in being able to "handle, and boast of, and to rave about many things, about vapors and gushes and packages." To a sensible man the applications will always be only the means for the purpose, and if he attain it by the mildest water-application, he will be happy; for his task is only this: to help nature struggling for health, i.e. for her own and independent activity; to obtain this activity, to loosen the fetters of illness, the chains of suffering, and to enable nature to do the work herself again, unprevented, gaily and cheerfully. Is this task finished, the treatment must cease. This remark is important, more important still to observe it. For there is nothing which so greatly brings the water as healing element into miscredit and bad reputation, as to make applications in an indiscreet way without measure and reason, a sharp, strict, rugged proceeding. Those, and only those, I cannot repeat it enough, who consider themselves to be competent in the system of water-cures, but frighten every patient by their endless packages, their vapors almost driving out the blood, etc., are causing the greatest harm, which it is very difficult to mend. I do not call this using the water for healing, but such outrages — I beg pardon for the expression — I call putting the water to shame.

Whoever has a knowledge of the effects of water, and knows how to use it in its extremely manifold ways, is in possession of a remedy which cannot he surpassed by any other, whatever its name may be. There is no remedy more manifold in its effects, or as it were, more elastic than the water. In creation it begins in the invisible globule of air or steam, continues in the drop, and finally forms the ocean tilling up the greater part of the globe.

This ought to serve as a hint to every water-curist to show him that every application of water can lie raised from the gentlest to the highest degree, and that in each case it is not the patient who ought to accommodate himself to the package, the vapor, etc., but every application is to be accommodated to the patient.

It is in the selection of the applications to be used that the master-hand shows itself. The one who undertakes the cure will carefully examine the patient, but not in a startling way. At first the subordinate sufferings will come under his notice, i.e. those diseases which like toadstools, spring up from the interior ground of disease. By them one can, in most cases, easily conclude, where the roots of the disease, the principal evil, is to be found. By means of questioning and searching he will find what progress the disease has already made, what mischief it has done; then it must be taken into consideration, whether the patient is old or young, weak or strong, thin or stout, poor of blood, nervous, etc. All these points, and others besides, give to the mind of him who undertakes the cure, the right picture of the disease; and it is only then, when this is clear and complete, that he goes to the water-apotheca and prescribes according to the principle: The gentler and more sparing, — the better and more effective.

A few general remarks may be given here, regarding the whole of the water-applications. —

No application whatever can cause the least harm, if it is made according to the directions given.

Most of them are to be made with cold water, either from the spring, well, or river. In all cases where warm water is not expressly prescribed, the word "water" stands for and means cold water. I follow my principle founded on experience; The colder, the better. In wintertime I mix snow with the water for gushes when they arc for healthy people. Do not accuse me of ruggedness; for, think of the very short duration of my cold-water-applications. He who has once ventured to make a trial has conquered forever; all his prejudices are entirely removed.

But I am not, nevertheless, inexorable. To beginners in the water-cure, to weak persons, especially very young or very old ones, to sick people who are afraid of a cold, to such as have not much warmth in their blood, whose blood is poor, or who are nervous, I gladly allow, especially in winter-time, a warm room for their baths and pushes (65 degrees) for the beginning, and lukewarm water for every application. Flies are to be attracted not by salt and vinegar, hut by honey.

There are special prescriptions for every warm-water application respecting the degree of warmth, the time, etc.

Regarding the cold-water applications, we must briefly give some hints for regulating the course of action observed before, during and after the application. (In the third part this point is often dwelt upon.)

No one should venture to make any cold application, whatever, when feeling; cold, shivering, etc., unless it is expressly allowed in the prescription relating to his case. The applications are to be made as quickly as possible, but without agitation and haste; also with dressing and undressing no delay should be caused by slowness in buttoning or tying up, etc. All this secondary work can be done, when the whole body is properly covered. To give an instance: a cold full-bath, including undressing, bathing and redressing, should not exceed 4—5 minutes. Tt only needs a little practice to accomplish this. If with an application the time '"one minute" is given, the shortest time possible is meant; if it is said 12 — 3 minutes, the cold application is intended to be of more enduring, but not of longer, influence.

After a cold application the body must never be wiped dry, except the head, and the hands as far as the wrist (the latter in order not to wet the clothes when dressing). The wet body is at once covered with dry underline!! and other articles of clothing; this is to be done quickly, as before remarked, so that as soon as possible all wet spots may be shut off from the air. This proceeding will seem strange to many, even to most people, because they will imagine that they are thereby obliged to remain wet all the day long; but let them try it only once before judging, and they will soon experience what this not-wiping is good for. Wiping is rubbing, and, as it cannot be done quite equally over every part of the body and on every spot, it produces disproportionate natural warmth, which is not of much consequence with healthy people, but of very great moment with sick and weak ones. The not-wiping helps to the most regular, most equal and most speedy natural warmth. It is like sprinkling water into the fire; the interior warmth of the body uses the water clinging to the exterior as material for speedily bringing forth greater and more intense warmth. As before said, it all depends upon a trial.