Table of Contents

Cover

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

ABOUT THE TECHNICAL EDITORS

CREDITS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

INTRODUCTION

Part I: The C# Language

Chapter 1: Introducing C#
1. What Is the .NET Framework?
2. What Is C#?
3. Visual Studio 2012
4. Summary
Chapter 2: Writing A C# Program
1. The Visual Studio 2012 Development Environment
2. Console Applications
3. Desktop Applications
4. Summary
Chapter 3: Variables and Expressions
1. Basic C# Syntax
2. Basic C# Console Application Structure
3. Variables
4. Expressions
5. Summary
Chapter 4: Flow Control
1. Boolean Logic
2. The goto Statement
3. Branching
4. Looping
5. Summary
Chapter 5: More About Variables
1. Type Conversion
2. Complex Variable Types
3. String Manipulation
4. Summary
Chapter 6: Functions
1. Defining and Using Functions
2. Variable Scope
3. The Main( ) Function
4. Struct Functions
5. Overloading Functions
6. Using Delegates
7. Summary
Chapter 7: Debugging and Error Handling
1. Debugging in Visual Studio
2. Error Handling
3. Summary
Chapter 8: Introduction to Object-Oriented Programming
1. What Is Object-Oriented Programming?
2. OOP Techniques
3. OOP in Desktop Applications
4. Summary
Chapter 9: Defining Classes
1. Class Definitions in C#
2. System.Object
3. Constructors and Destructors
4. OOP Tools in Visual Studio
5. Class Library Projects
6. Interfaces Versus Abstract Classes
7. Struct Types
8. Shallow Copying Versus Deep Copying
9. Summary
Chapter 10: Defining Class Members
1. Member Definitions
2. Additional Class Member Topics
3. Interface Implementation
4. Partial Class Definitions
5. Partial Method Definitions
6. Example Application
7. The Call Hierarchy Window
8. Summary
Chapter 11: Collections, Comparisons, and Conversions
1. Collections
2. Comparisons
3. Conversions
4. Summary
Chapter 12: Generics
1. What Are Generics?
2. Using Generics
3. Defining Generic Types
4. Variance
5. Summary
Chapter 13: Additional OOP Techniques
1. The :: Operator and the Global Namespace Qualifier
2. Custom Exceptions
3. Events
4. Expanding and Using CardLib
5. Attributes
6. Summary
Chapter 14: C# Language Enhancements
1. Initializers
2. Type Inference
3. Anonymous Types
4. Dynamic Lookup
5. Advanced Method Parameters
6. Extension Methods
7. Lambda Expressions
8. Caller Information Attributes
9. Summary

Part II: Windows Programming

Chapter 15: Basic Desktop Programming
1. XAML
2. The Playground
3. Control Layout
4. The Game Client
5. Summary
Chapter 16: Advanced Desktop Programming
1. The Main Window
2. Creating and Styling Controls
3. WPF User Controls
4. Putting It All Together
5. Summary
Chapter 17: Windows Store Apps
1. Getting Started
2. Windows Store Apps versus Desktop Applications
3. Developing Windows Store Apps
4. App Development
5. Converting KarliCards, Part 1
6. Common Elements of Windows Store Apps
7. Converting KarliCards, Part 2
8. The Windows Store
9. Summary
Chapter 18: Deploying Desktop Applications
1. Deployment Overview
2. ClickOnce Deployment
3. InstallShield Limited Edition
4. Summary

Part III: Web Programming

Chapter 19: ASP.NET Web Programming
1. Overview of Web Applications
2. ASP.NET Runtime
3. Creating a Simple Page
4. Server Controls
5. ASP.NET Postback
6. ASP.NET AJAX Postback
7. Input Validation
8. State Management
9. Styles
10. Master Pages
11. Site Navigation
12. Authentication and Authorization
13. Reading from and Writing to a SQL Server Database
14. Summary
Chapter 20: Deploying Web Applications
1. Internet Information Services
2. IIS Configuration
3. Copying a Website
4. Publishing a Web Application
5. Summary

Part IV: Data Access

Chapter 21: File System Data
1. Streams
2. The Classes for Input and Output
3. Serialized Objects
4. Monitoring the File System
5. Summary
Chapter 22: XML
1. XML Documents
2. Using XML in Your Application
3. Summary
Chapter 23: Introduction to LINQ
1. First LINQ Query
2. Using the LINQ Method Syntax
3. Ordering Query Results
4. Understanding the orderby Clause
5. Ordering Using Method Syntax
6. Querying a Large Data Set
7. Using Aggregate Operators
8. Querying Complex Objects
9. Projection: Creating New Objects in Queries
10. Projection: Method Syntax
11. Using the Select Distinct Query
12. Using the Any and All Methods
13. Ordering by Multiple Levels
14. Multi-Level Ordering Method Syntax: ThenBy
15. Using Group Queries
16. Using Take and Skip
17. Using First and FirstOrDefault
18. Using the LINQ Set Operators
19. Using Joins
20. Summary
Chapter 24: Applying LINQ
1. LINQ Varieties
2. Using LINQ with Databases
3. Installing SQL Server and the Northwind Sample Data
4. First LINQ to Database Query
5. Navigating Database Relationships
6. Using LINQ with XML
7. LINQ to XML Functional Constructors
8. Saving and Loading an XML Document
9. Working with XML Fragments
10. Generating XML from Databases
11. How to Query an XML Document
12. Using LINQ to XML Query Members
13. Summary

Part V: Additional Techniques

Chapter 25: Windows Communication Foundation
1. What Is WCF?
2. WCF Concepts
3. WCF Programming
4. Summary
Chapter 26: Windows Workflow Foundation
1. Hello World
2. Workflows and Activities
3. Arguments and Variables
4. Custom Activities
5. Summary

Appendix A: Exercise Solutions

End User License Agreement

List of Tables

Chapter 3

TABLE 3.1: Integer Types
TABLE 3-2: Floating-point Types
TABLE 3-3: Text and Boolean Types
TABLE 3-4: Literal Values
TABLE 3-5: Escape Sequences for String Literals
TABLE 3-6: Simple Mathematical Operators
TABLE 3-7: The String Concatenation Operator
TABLE 3-8: Increment and Decrement Operators
TABLE 3-9: Assignment Operators
TABLE 3-10: Operator Precedence

Chapter 4

TABLE 4-1: Boolean Comparison Operators
TABLE 4-2: Boolean Operators for Boolean Values
TABLE 4-3: Conditional Boolean Operators
TABLE 4-4: Boolean Assignment Operators
TABLE 4-5: Using the & Bitwise Operator
TABLE 4-6: Using the | Bitwise Operator
TABLE 4-7: Using the ∧ Operator
TABLE 4-8: Using the ~ Operator
TABLE 4-9: Sample Scheme for Binary Color Representation
TABLE 4-10: Bitwise Shift Operators
TABLE 4-11: Bitwise Shift Assignment Operators
TABLE 4-12: Operator Precedence (Updated)

Chapter 4

TABLE 5-1: Implicit Numeric Conversions
TABLE 5-2: Convert Commands

Chapter 9

TABLE 9-1: Access Modifiers for Class Definitions
TABLE 9-2: Methods of System.Object
TABLE 9-3: Class View Icons
TABLE 9-4: Additional Class View Icons

Chapter 12

TABLE 12-1 Resolving Bool? Comparisons with null Value
TABLE 12-2 Generic Collection Type
TABLE 12-3 Supported Methods and Properties for List<T>
TABLE 12-4 Sorting with Generic Types
TABLE 12-5 Generic Type Constraints

Chapter 14

TABLE 14-1: Extension Methods

Chapter 15

TABLE 15-1: Common Control Events
TABLE 15-2: Image Control
TABLE 15-3: TextBox Properties
TABLE 15-4: CheckBox Properties
TABLE 15-5: RadioButton Properties
TABLE 15-6: IsReadOnly and IsEditable Combinations
TABLE 15-7: Other ComboBox Properties
TABLE 15-8: Interesting ListBox Properties
TABLE 15-9: The Name Property

Chapter 16

TABLE 16-1: Displaying MenuItem Properties
TABLE 16-2: The Timeline Properties
TABLE 16-3: Properties of the Spline Key Frame Classes
TABLE 16-4: The Register ( ) Method’s Parameters
TABLE 16-5: Overloads for the FrameworkPropertyMetadata Constructor

Chapter 17

TABLE 17-1: Contracts
TABLE 17-2: Extensions

Chapter 18

TABLE 18-1: NET Framework Support in Windows

Chapter 19

TABLE 19-1: Set Label Controls
TABLE 19-2: Important ASP.NET Server Controls
TABLE 19-3: ScriptManager’s Properties
TABLE 19-4: The UpdatePanel Control’s Properties
TABLE 19-5: ASP.NET’s Validation Controls
TABLE 19-6: Configuring Validation Controls
TABLE 19-7: State Management Techniques
TABLE 19-8: Navigation Controls
TABLE 19-9: ASP.NET’s Security Controls
TABLE 19-10: Enter Column Names and Data Types
TABLE 19-11: The Data Controls
TABLE 19-12: The Data Source Controls

Chapter 21

TABLE 21-1: File System Access Classes
TABLE 21-2: Static Methods of the File Class
TABLE 21-3: Static Methods of the Directory Class
TABLE 21-4: FileSystemInfo Properties
TABLE 21-5: FileInfo Properties
TABLE 21-6: Properties Unique to the DirectoryInfo Class
TABLE 21-7: FileAccess Enumeration Members
TABLE 21-8: FileMode Enumeration Members
TABLE 21-9: IFormatter Methods
TABLE 21-10: FileSystemWatcher Properties

Chapter 22

TABLE 22-1: Common DOM Classes
TABLE 22-2: XmlElement Properties
TABLE 22-3: Three Ways to Get the Value of a Node
TABLE 22-4: Methods for Creating Nodes
TABLE 22-5: Methods for Inserting Nodes
TABLE 22-6: Methods for Removing Nodes
TABLE 22-7: Methods for Selecting Nodes
TABLE 22-8: Common XPath Operations

Chapter 23

TABLE 23-1: Aggregate Operators for Numeric Results

Chapter 25

TABLE 25-1: Binding Types
TABLE 25-2: NET Default Bindings
TABLE 25-3: DataContractAttribute Properties
TABLE 25-4: DataMemberAttribute Properties
TABLE 25-5: ServiceContractAttribute Properties
TABLE 25-6: OperationContractAttribute Properties

Chapter 26

TABLE 26-1: Activity Execute Methods

List of Illustrations

Chapter 1

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Chapter 2

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Chapter 3

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Chapter 4

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Chapter 5

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Chapter 6

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Chapter 7

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Chapter 8

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Chapter 9

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Chapter 10

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Chapter 11

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Chapter 12

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Chapter 13

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Chapter 14

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Chapter 15

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Chapter 16

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Chapter 17

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Chapter 18

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Chapter 19

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Chapter 20

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Chapter 21

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Chapter 22

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Chapter 24

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Chapter 25

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Chapter 26

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Appendix A

FIGURE A-1

INTRODUCTION

C# IS A RELATIVELY NEW LANGUAGE that was unveiled to the world when Microsoft announced the first version of its .NET Framework in July 2000. Since then its popularity has rocketed, and it has arguably become the language of choice for both desktop and web developers who use the .NET Framework. Part of the appeal of C# comes from its clear syntax, which derives from C/C++ but simplifies some things that have previously discouraged some programmers. Despite this simplification, C# has retained the power of C++, and there is now no reason not to move into C#. The language is not difficult and it’s a great one to learn elementary programming techniques with. This ease of learning, combined with the capabilities of the .NET Framework, make C# an excellent way to start your programming career.

The latest release of C#, C# 5, which is included with version 4.5 of the .NET Framework, builds on the existing successes and adds even more attractive features. The latest release of Visual Studio (Visual Studio 2012) and the Visual Studio Express 2012 line of development tools also bring many tweaks and improvements to make your life easier and dramatically increase your productivity.

This book is intended to teach you about all aspects of C# programming, from the language itself, through desktop and web programming, to making use of data sources, and finally to some new and advanced techniques. You’ll also learn about the capabilities of Visual Studio 2012, and all the ways that this product can aid your application development.

The book is written in a friendly, mentor-style fashion, with each chapter building on previous ones, and every effort is made to ease you into advanced techniques painlessly. At no point will technical terms appear from nowhere to discourage you from continuing; every concept is introduced and discussed as required. Technical jargon is kept to a minimum; but where it is necessary, it, too, is properly defined and laid out in context.

The authors of this book are all experts in their field, and are all enthusiastic in their passion for both the C# language and the .NET Framework. Nowhere will you find a group of people better qualified to take you under their collective wing and nurture your understanding of C# from first principles to advanced techniques. Along with the fundamental knowledge it provides, this book is packed full of helpful hints, tips, exercises, and full-fledged example code (available for download at p2p.wrox.com) that you will find yourself returning to repeatedly as your career progresses.

We pass this knowledge on without begrudging it, and hope that you will be able to use it to become the best programmer you can be. Good luck, and all the best!

WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR

This book is for everyone who wants to learn how to program in C# using the .NET Framework. It is for absolute beginners who want to give programming a try by learning a clean, modern, elegant programming language. But it also for people familiar with other programming languages who want to explore the .NET platform, as well as for existing .NET developers who want to give Microsoft’s .NET flagship language a try.

WHAT THIS BOOK COVERS

The early chapters cover the language itself, assuming no prior programming experience. If you have programmed in other languages before, then much of the material in these chapters will be familiar. Many aspects of C# syntax are shared with other languages, and many structures are common to practically all programming languages (such as looping and branching structures). However, even if you are an experienced programmer you will benefit from looking through these chapters to learn the specifics of how these techniques apply to C#.

If you are new to programming, you should start from the beginning, where you will learn basic programming concepts and become acquainted with both C# and the .NET platform that underpins it. If you are new to the .NET Framework but know how to program, you should read Chapter 1 and then skim through the next few chapters before continuing with the application of the C# language. If you know how to program but haven’t encountered an object-oriented programming language before, you should read the chapters from Chapter 8 onward.

Alternatively, if you already know the C# language, you might want to concentrate on the chapters dealing with the most recent .NET Framework and C# language developments, specifically the chapters on collections, generics, and C# language enhancements (Chapters 11 to 14), or skip the first section of the book completely and start with Chapter 15.

The chapters in this book have been written with a dual purpose in mind: they can be read sequentially to provide a complete tutorial in the C# language, and they can be dipped into as required reference material.

In addition to the core material, starting with Chapter 3 each chapter also includes a selection of exercises at the end, which you can work through to ensure that you have understood the material. The exercises range from simple multiple choice or true/false questions to more complex exercises that require you to modify or build applications. The answers to all the exercises are provided in Appendix A. You can also find these exercises as part of the wrox.com code downloads for this book at www.wrox.com/remtitle.cgi?isbn=9781118314418 on the Download Code tab.

This book also gives plenty of love and attention to coincide with the release of C# 5 and .NET 4.5. Every chapter received an overhaul, with less relevant material removed, and new material added. All of the code has been tested against the latest version of the development tools used, and all of the screenshots have been retaken in Windows 8 to provide the most current windows and dialog boxes.

Although we hate to admit our own fallibility, any errors from previous editions have been fixed, and many other reader comments have been addressed. Hopefully, we haven’t introduced many new errors, but any that have slipped through our web of experts will be corrected online as soon as we find them.

New highlights of this edition include the following:

Additional and improved code examples for you to try out
A shift of focus in desktop applications from the old way of doing things (Windows Forms) to the new way (Windows Presentation Foundation), so you won’t be left behind
Coverage of everything that’s new in C# 5 and .NET 4.5, including how to create Windows Store applications
Streamlined coverage of advanced techniques to focus on those most appropriate to beginners without getting too obscure

HOW THIS BOOK IS STRUCTURED

This book is divided into six sections:

Introduction—Purpose and general outline of the book’s contents
The C# Language—Covers all aspects of the C# language, from the fundamentals to object-oriented techniques
Windows Programming—How to write and deploy desktop and Windows Store applications
Web Programming—Web application development and deployment
Data Access—How to use data in your applications, including data stored in files on your hard disk, data stored in XML format, and data in databases
Additional Techniques—An examination of some extra ways to use C# and the .NET Framework, including Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) and Windows Workflow Foundation (WF)—technologies introduced with .NET 3.0 and enhanced for .NET 4 and .NET 4.5.

The following sections describe the chapters in the five major parts of this book.

The C# Language (Chapters 1–14)

Chapter 1 introduces you to C# and how it fits into the .NET landscape. You’ll learn the fundamentals of programming in this environment, and how Visual Studio 2012 (VS) fit in.

Chapter 2 starts you off with writing C# applications. You’ll look at the syntax of C# and put the language to use with sample command-line and Windows applications. These examples demonstrate just how quick and easy it can be to get up and running, and along the way you’ll be introduced to the VS development environment and the basic windows and tools that you’ll be using throughout the book.

Next you’ll learn more about the basics of the C# language. You’ll learn what variables are and how to manipulate them in Chapter 3. You’ll enhance the structure of your applications with flow control (looping and branching) in Chapter 4, and see some more advanced variable types such as arrays in Chapter 5. In Chapter 6 you’ll start to encapsulate your code in the form of functions, which make it much easier to perform repetitive operations and make your code much more readable.

By the beginning of Chapter 7 you’ll have a handle on the fundamentals of the C# language, and will focus on debugging your applications. This involves looking at outputting trace information as your applications are executed, and at how VS can be used to trap errors and lead you to solutions for them with its powerful debugging environment.

From Chapter 8 onward you’ll learn about object-oriented programming (OOP), starting with a look at what this term means, and an answer to the eternal question, “What is an object?” OOP can seem quite difficult at first. The whole of Chapter 8 is devoted to demystifying it and explaining what makes it so great, and you won’t actually deal with much C# code until the very end of the chapter.

Everything changes in Chapter 9, when you put theory into practice and start using OOP in your C# applications. This is where the true power of C# lies. You’ll start by looking at how to define classes and interfaces, and then move on to class members (including fields, properties, and methods) in Chapter 10. At the end of that chapter you’ll start to assemble a card game application, which is developed over several chapters, and will help to illustrate OOP.

Once you’ve learned how OOP works in C#, Chapter 11 moves on to look at common OOP scenarios, including dealing with collections of objects, and comparing and converting objects. Chapter 12 takes a look at a very useful feature of C# that was introduced in .NET 2.0: generics, which enable you to create very flexible classes. Next, Chapter 13 continues the discussion of the C# language and OOP with some additional techniques, notably events, which become very important in, for example, Windows programming. Finally, Chapter 14 focuses on C# language features that were introduced with versions 3.0, 4, and 5 of the language.

Windows Programming (Chapters 15–18)

Chapter 15 starts by introducing you to what is meant by Windows programming, and looks at how this is achieved in VS. It focuses on WPF as a tool that enables you to build desktop applications in a graphical way, and assemble advanced applications with the minimum of effort and time. You’ll start with the basics of WPF programming, and build up your knowledge in both this chapter and Chapter 16, which demonstrates how you can use the wealth of controls supplied by the .NET Framework in your applications.

Chapter 17 shows you how you can create Windows Store applications, which are new to Windows 8. This is an exciting new way to provide users with beautiful, full-screen user experiences. You will also see how you can make your applications ready to be sold from the Windows Store.

Chapter 18 discusses how to deploy your applications, including how to make installation programs that enable your users to get up and running with your applications in double-quick time.

Web Programming (Chapters 19–20)

This section is structured in a similar way to the desktop programming section. It starts with Chapter 19, which describes the controls that make up the simplest of web applications, and how you can fit them together and make them perform tasks using ASP.NET. The chapter then moves on to look at more advanced techniques, ASP.NET AJAX, versatile controls, and state management in the context of the web, as well as how to conform to web standards.

Next, Chapter 20 examines the deployment of web applications and services, in particular the features of VS that enable you to publish applications to the web with the click of a button.

Data Access (Chapters 21–24)

Chapter 21 looks at how your applications can save and retrieve data to disk, both as simple text files and as more complex representations of data. You’ll also learn how to compress data, how to work with legacy data such as comma-separated value (CSV) files, and how to monitor and act on file system changes.

In Chapter 22 you’ll learn about the de facto standard for data exchange—namely, XML. By this point in the book, you’ll have touched on XML several times in preceding chapters, but this chapter lays out the ground rules and shows you what all the excitement is about.

The remainder of this part looks at LINQ, which is a query language built in to the latest versions of the .NET Framework. You start in Chapter 23 with a general introduction to LINQ, and then you will use LINQ to access a database and other data in Chapter 24.

Additional Techniques (Chapters 25–26)

Finally, in this part of the book you will look at some exciting new technologies that have emerged with the most recent .NET Framework releases. Chapter 25 is an introduction to Windows Communication Foundation (WCF), which provides you with the tools you need for enterprise-level programmatic access to information and capabilities across local networks and the Internet. You will see how you can use WCF to expose complex data and functionality to web and desktop applications in a platform-independent way.

The last chapter of the book, Chapter 26, looks at Windows Workflow Foundation (WF). WF enables you to implement workflow functionality in your applications, which means you can define operations that are performed in a specific order controlled by external interactions, which is very useful for many types of applications.

WHAT YOU NEED TO USE THIS BOOK

The code and descriptions of C# and the .NET Framework in this book apply to C# 5 and .NET 4.5. You don’t need anything other than the Framework to understand this aspect of the book, but many of the examples require a development tool. This book uses Visual Studio 2012 as its primary development tool; however, if you don’t have this, you will be able to use the free Visual Studio Express 2012 line of products. For the first part of the book, Visual Studio Express 2012 for Windows Desktop will enable you to create desktop and console applications. For later chapters, you may also use Visual Studio Express 2012 for Windows 8 in order to create Windows Store applications, Visual Studio Express 2012 for Web to create web applications, and SQL Server Express 2012 for applications that access databases. Some functionality is available only in Visual Studio 2012, but this won’t stop you from working through any of the examples in this book.

The source code for the samples is available for download from the Wrox website at:

www.wrox.com/remtitle.cgi?isbn=9781118314418

CONVENTIONS

To help you get the most from the text and keep track of what’s happening, we’ve used a number of conventions throughout the book.

TRY IT OUT

The Try It Out is an exercise you should work through, following the text in the book.

1. They usually consist of a set of steps.
2. Each step has a number.
3. Follow the steps through with your copy of the database.

How It Works

After each Try It Out, the code you’ve typed will be explained in detail.

As for styles in the text:

We highlight new terms and important words when we introduce them.
We show keyboard strokes like this: Ctrl+A.
We show filenames, URLs, and code within the text like so: persistence.properties.

We present code in two different ways:

We use a monofont type with no highlighting for most code examples.
We use bold to emphasize code that is particularly important in the present context or to show changes from a previous code snippet.

SOURCE CODE

As you work through the examples in this book, you may choose either to type in all the code manually or to use the source code files that accompany the book. All the source code used in this book is available for download at http://www.wrox.com. A file name is provided for each code snippet or listing presented in the book and this file name corresponds to the source code on the www.wrox.com site. When at the site, simply locate the book’s title (either by using the Search box or by using one of the title lists) and click the Download Code link on the book’s detail page to obtain all the source code for the book.

After you download the code, just decompress it with your favorite compression tool. Alternatively, you can go to the main Wrox code download page at http://www.wrox.com/dynamic/books/download.aspx to see the code available for this book and all other Wrox books.

ERRATA

We make every effort to ensure that there are no errors in the text or in the code. However, no one is perfect, and mistakes do occur. If you find an error in one of our books, like a spelling mistake or faulty piece of code, we would be grateful for your feedback. By sending in errata you may save another reader hours of frustration and at the same time you can help us provide even higher quality information.

To find the errata page for this book, go to http://www.wrox.com and locate the title using the Search box or one of the title lists. Then, on the book details page, click the Book Errata link. On this page you can view all errata that has been submitted for this book and posted by Wrox editors.

If you don’t spot “your” error on the Book Errata page, go to www.wrox.com/contact/techsupport.shtml and complete the form there to send us the error you have found. We’ll check the information and, if appropriate, post a message to the book’s errata page and fix the problem in subsequent editions of the book.

P2P.WROX.COM

For author and peer discussion, join the P2P forums at http://p2p.wrox.com. The forums are a Web-based system for you to post messages relating to Wrox books and related technologies and interact with other readers and technology users. The forums offer a subscription feature to e-mail you topics of interest of your choosing when new posts are made to the forums. Wrox authors, editors, other industry experts, and your fellow readers are present on these forums.

At http://p2p.wrox.com, you will find a number of different forums that will help you, not only as you read this book, but also as you develop your own applications. To join the forums, just follow these steps:

1. Go to http://p2p.wrox.com and click the Register link.
2. Read the terms of use and click Agree.
3. Complete the required information to join, as well as any optional information you wish to provide, and click Submit.
4. You will receive an e-mail with information describing how to verify your account and complete the joining process.

NOTE You can read messages in the forums without joining P2P, but in order to post your own messages, you must join.

Once you join, you can post new messages and respond to messages other users post. You can read messages at any time on the web. If you would like to have new messages from a particular forum e-mailed to you, click the Subscribe to this Forum icon by the forum name in the forum listing.

For more information about how to use the Wrox P2P, be sure to read the P2P FAQs for answers to questions about how the forum software works, as well as many common questions specific to P2P and Wrox books. To read the FAQs, click the FAQ link on any P2P page.

BEGINNING
Visual C#® 2012 Programming

ABOUT THE AUTHORS

ABOUT THE TECHNICAL EDITORS

CREDITS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

INTRODUCTION

WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR

WHAT THIS BOOK COVERS

HOW THIS BOOK IS STRUCTURED

The C# Language (Chapters 1–14)

Windows Programming (Chapters 15–18)

Web Programming (Chapters 19–20)

Data Access (Chapters 21–24)

Additional Techniques (Chapters 25–26)

WHAT YOU NEED TO USE THIS BOOK

CONVENTIONS

SOURCE CODE

ERRATA

P2P.WROX.COM

Part I
The C# Language