Bongiovanni, Archie, and Tristan Jimerson. A Quick and Easy Guide to They/Them Pronouns. Portland, OR: Limerance Press, 2018.
Pitman, Gayle E. The Stonewall Riots: Coming Out in the Streets. New York: Abrams Books for Young Readers, 2019.
Pohlen, Jerome. Gay & Lesbian History for Kids: The Century-Long Struggle for LGBT Rights. Chicago: Chicago Review Press, 2015.
Prager, Sarah. Queer. There and Everywhere: 23 People Who Changed the World. New York: Harper Collins, 2017.
Information and Support for LGBTQ+ Youth, Families and Friends
If you have lots of questions, are looking for good information or need support, the Trevor Project is a good place to start: thetrevorproject.org
If you have come out to your parents and they have questions or concerns or want to find a local chapter to meet with, they can contact PFLAG. You can also call them yourself for information, resources and support.
PFLAG in Canada: pflagcanada.ca
PFLAG in the US: community.pflag.org
If you are feeling alone, know that there are people who care about you. It Gets Better is a website that has recorded videos by more than fifty thousand people from all around the world to tell LGBTQ+ youth—especially those who are feeling alone or dealing with bullying or harassment—that it gets better: itgetsbetter.org
LGBTQ+ Rights
Lambda Legal: This US organization works toward LGBTQ+ equality. Its website has a section for LGBTQ+ youth, designed to help people know their rights and make sure they’re respected: lambdalegal.org/know-your-rights
United Nations Free and Equal campaign promotes fair treatment and equal rights for LGBTQ+ people around the world, and its website is a great resource for powerful videos and useful fact sheets: unfe.org/en
ILGA (International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association) publishes an annual report on sexual orientation laws around the world: ilga.org/about-us/annual-reports-documents
GSAs
If your school doesn’t have a GSA (Gender and Sexualities Alliance, or Gay-Straight Alliance), you might want to start one. These links have lots of useful information:
Gender and Sexualities Alliance Network (USA): gsanetwork.org
My GSA.ca (Canada): egale.ca/portfolio/mygsa
Resources For Educators
MyGSA.ca: This Canadian website includes a downloadable Equity and Inclusive Education Resource Kit—a guide to starting and maintaining GSAs and other LGBTQ+ student groups or clubs. egale.ca/portfolio/mygsa
GLSEN (Gay, Lesbian & Straight Education Network): This website offers information about GSAs, resources, activities, lesson plans and more, including a jump-start guide for those organizing GSAs and a downloadable Safe Space Kit: A Guide to Supporting Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Students in Your School. glsen.org
SOGI 123: This resource used by schools in BC and Alberta is free and available online for all educators who want to work toward creating schools with LGBTQ+ inclusive policies, climates and curriculum sogieducation.org
Links to external resources are for personal and/or educational use only and are provided in good faith without any express or implied warranty. There is no guarantee given as to the accuracy or currency of any individual item. Orca Book Publishers provides links as a service to readers. This does not imply any endorsement by Orca Book Publishers of any of the content accessed through these links.
ableism—the belief that able-bodied people are normal and people with disabilities are inferior, and the resulting exclusion of and/or discrimination against individuals with disabilities
ally—a person who supports the rights and freedoms of a marginalized or oppressed group that they do not belong to themselves
asexual—a person who is generally not sexually attracted to anyone and feels little or no sexual desire
bisexual (or bi)—a person who is attracted to two or more genders
cisgender—a person whose gender identity matches the sex they were assigned at birth
classism—discrimination against people because of their perceived social or economic class; also refers to the system of beliefs and structures that disadvantages some social classes while unfairly benefiting others
coming out—the process LGBTQ+ people go through as they move toward understanding, accepting and being more open about their gender identity or sexual orientation
discrimination—actions or decisions that treat a person or a group negatively because of their perceived race, sex, age, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, religion or disability
drag—an art form that involves both costume and performance; drag queens are generally men who dress and perform in feminine clothing, and drag kings are generally women who dress and perform in masculine clothing
dyke march—a political demonstration that aims to increase visibility for lesbians and transgender people and all women who love women, however they identify themselves
equality—the state of having the same rights, freedoms, social status, etc.
gay—usually refers to men who are attracted to other men but can also be used more broadly to refer to people who are attracted primarily to people of their own gender. Some women and non-binary people also identify as gay. Gay is also used more generally—for example, to refer to the gay rights movement.
genderfluid—a term used to describe a gender identity that shifts from day to day
gender identity—an internal sense of one’s gender (male, female, non-binary)
gender neutral—a person who doesn’t identify as either male or female
genderqueer—a person whose gender identity lies outside traditional binary ideas of masculine and feminine; also known as non-binary
GSAs—Gay-Straight Alliances or Gender and Sexualities Alliances, school-based clubs where LGBTQ+ students and allies can meet, support each other and work to make their schools and communities safer and more inclusive
heterosexism—the system of beliefs and attitudes based on the idea that everyone is or should be attracted to the opposite sex, and the resulting prejudice and discrimination against LGBTQ+ people
homophobia—the fear or hatred of people who are gay, lesbian or bisexual
intersex—a person whose physical sex (their body, their chromosomes and their hormones) doesn’t fit easily into traditional categories of male or female
labrys—a double-headed ax from ancient Crete, representing lesbian and feminist strength
lambda—a Greek letter used in many countries as a symbol of the gay and lesbian community
lesbian—a woman who is attracted to other women
LGBT—stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender
LGBTQ+—stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer; the + indicates the intent to be inclusive of all the identities that make up this diverse community
LGBTQQP2SIA—stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, questioning, pansexual, Two-Spirit, intersex and asexual
non-binary—see genderqueer
oppression—mistreatment and exploitation of a group of people based on their race, class, sexual orientation, ability, etc.; usually linked to a prevailing belief that the target group is in some way inferior
pansexual—a person attracted to all genders
persecution—the act of treating someone cruelly or unfairly, especially because of race, sexual orientation, gender identity, or religious or political beliefs
queer—a term sometimes used by LGBTQ+ people to refer to all those whose gender identity or sexual orientation falls outside the dominant heterosexual and gender-conforming mainstream
queer-positive—a term used to describe a person, organization or event that supports LGBTQ+ rights
questioning—a term referring to people who may not currently identify as LGBTQ+ but are in the process of exploring and discovering their sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expression
QUILTBAG—an acronym for queer/questioning, undecided, intersex, lesbian, transgender, bisexual, asexual and gay
racism—the system of beliefs and attitudes that holds whiteness to be superior, and the resulting oppression of people of color
repeal—revoke or withdraw officially
sexism—the system of beliefs and attitudes that holds men to be superior, and the resulting oppression of women
sexual orientation—the pattern of a person’s romantic and sexual attractions to other people; an individual may be primarily attracted to people of another gender, people of the same gender or people of multiple genders
transgender—term referring to people who do not identify with the gender assigned to them at birth
transitioning—the process of changing one’s gender presentation (such as name, pronouns and appearance) to better fit with one’s internal sense of gender identity
trans march—a political demonstration that aims to increase visibility, awareness and acceptance of transgender people
transphobia—fear or hatred of transgender people
Two Spirit (2S)—a term used by some Indigenous people to refer to a person who has both a masculine and a feminine spirit; as a broad umbrella term, it can include a wide variety of Indigenous concepts of gender and sexual diversity
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Harris, Kathleen. “‘Our Collective Shame’: Trudeau Delivers Historic Apology to LGBT Canadians.” CBC News, November 28, 2017. Accessed at cbc.ca/news/politics/homosexual-offences-exunge-records-1.4422546
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Pew Research Center. “Changing Attitudes on Gay Marriage.” June 26, 2017. Accessed at pewforum.org/fact-sheet/changing-attitudes-on-gay-marriage
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Rivera, Sylvia. “Queens in Exile, the Forgotten Ones.” In GenderQueer: Voices from Beyond the Sexual Binary. Los Angeles: Alyson Books, 2002.
Coyote, Ivan E., and Rae Spoon. Gender Failure. Vancouver, BC: Arsenal Pulp Press, 2014.
Hernández, Daisy. “Choose Your Words With Cuidado.” In 50 Ways to Support Lesbian & Gay Quality: The Complete Guide to Supporting Family, Friends, Neighbors—or Yourself. Meredith Maran and Angela Watrous, eds. Novato, CA: New World Library, 2005.
Hoad, Neville Wallace, Karen Martin and Graham Reid. Sex and Politics in South Africa. Cape Town: Double Storey Books, 2010.
Holliday, Ian. “11-Year-Old Transgender Girl Not Done Yet after Changing Birth Certificate.” CTV News, July 23, 2014. Accessed at bc.ctvnews.ca/11-year-old-transgender-girl-not-done-yet-after-changing-birth-certificate-1.1929208
McAfee, Tierney. “Laverne Cox’s Heartfelt Message to ‘Struggling’ Fans: ‘Your Stories Matter.’” January 10, 2016. Accessed at people.com/awards/golden-globes-2016-laverne-cox-tells-fans-your-stories-matter
Quinn, Emily. “The Way We Think about Biological Sex is Wrong.” Filmed at TEDWomen 2018. Video, 14:06.
Sheldon, Mia, and Jill Krop. “10-Year-Old Transgender Child Fights to Have Gender Removed From Birth Certificate.” Global News, December 7, 2013. Accessed at globalnews.ca/news/1008919/10-year-old-transgender-child-fights-to-have-gender-removed-from-birth-certificate
Townsend, Megan. “Anderson Cooper: ‘Being Gay Is a Blessing.’” Glaad. March 11, 2013. Accessed at glaad.org/blog/anderson-cooper-being-gay-blessing
Ascah, Adrienne. “Universalist Muslims Embrace Queer Brothers and Sisters.” Daily Xtra, July 22, 2014. Accessed at dailyxtra.com/ottawa/news/universalist-muslims-embrace-queer-brothers-and-sisters-89649
Baum, Sarah Emily. “Erin Bailey Is Throwing a Pride Festival in Mike Pence’s Hometown.” Teen Vogue, April 13, 2018. Accessed July 31, 2018, at teenvogue.com/story/erin-bailey-is-throwing-a-pride-festival-in-mike-pences-hometown
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Macdonald, Nancy. “Small-Town Steinbach Fills to Bursting with Gay Pride.” Maclean’s magazine, July 12, 2016. Accessed July 31, 2018, at macleans.ca/news/canada/small-town-steinbach-fills-to-bursting-with-gay-pride
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Christie, Bob, dir. Beyond Gay: The Politics of Pride. Canada: 2009. 90 min.
Cleo. “Cleo’s Moments of Pride.” Bombastic: Our Voices, Our Stories, Our Lives, 2014. Accessed at issuu.com/bombasticmagazine/docs/bombasticmagazine-electronic
Dougherty, Sarah. “These Are the 6 Openly Gay Athletes Competing at the Sochi Olympics.” Global Post, February 5, 2014. Accessed at globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/europe/russia/140203/6-openly-gay-athletes-sochi-olympics-russia
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The Hidden Flag website: thehiddenflag.org
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Page numbers in bold indicate an image; there may also be text related to the same topic on that page
2S (Two-Spirit), 51, 88, 155
ableism, 71, 154
acceptance finding community, 42–45, 72 and public opinion, 32–34, 42 and self-expression, 45–46, 69
activism. See also allies how to help, 150–151 to increase visibility, 32–33, 42, 89, 123–124 overcoming prejudice, 52–54, 71 resources, 144–145, 152–153 risks of, 120–121, 122–125 use of social media, 44, 127
ACT UP, 31, 32
African countries, 35, 37, 94, 115–121
agender, 49
AIDs epidemic, 30, 31–32, 33
Alexeyev, Nikolai, 125
allies, 154 faith-based, 84–85 family, 38–39, 55 school-based, 29–31, 61, 136–142 showing support, 52–55, 87–88, 150–151
Amnesty International, 127–129, 151
Amsterdam, Holland, 103
Andrianova, Polina, 125
androgynous, 49
Antarctica, 129
anti-gay backlash, 87, 107–109, 111–115
Apuzzo, Virginia M., 21
Argentina, 37, 105
asexual, 46, 51, 154
Asian countries, 37, 94, 107–109, 111–115, 125–127
asylum seekers, 124
Aurora GSA, 138–142
Australia, 37, 50, 103–104
Austria, 102, 151
Bailey, Erin, 91
Baker, Gilbert, 74, 94
Ban Ki-moon, 96
Belgium, 36
Berlin, Germany, 100–101
Bermuda, 36
Big Gay Dog Walk, 74
bisexual (or bi), 49, 58–59, 154 Pride flag, 75
Black Pride UK, 98, 103
blacks, 19, 87, 98, 103
books. See literature
Botswana, 119
Brazil, 37, 104–105
Brown, Ryan, 90–91
bullying, 44, 61, 72, 91, 136, 150
Cakmak, Senef, 113
Canada apology to LGBTQ+, 37 and asylum seekers, 124 discrimination in, 15–16, 18, 26, 147 legal rights in, 36, 63, 87, 89 same-sex marriage, 34–35
Chaplow, Biff, 82–83
Charles, Danny, 46
Chechen Republic, 124
Chicago, 15, 17, 33, 85
children. See youth and children
Christopher Street Liberation Day, 17, 22, 23, 25–26, 39
cisgender, 46, 52, 154
cissexism, 84
classism, 27, 154
clothing as activism, 54, 124 costumes, 44, 49, 67–69, 71 gender laws, 20, 69
colonial legacy, 94, 119
Columbus, IN, 91
coming out defined, 45–46, 154 experience, 58–59, 60–61, 62–63 support, 37, 91
Communists, 16
Conover, Shoshanah, 85
Cooper, Anderson, 56
Copenhagen, Denmark, 85, 86, 151
costumes, 44, 49, 67–69, 71
Cox, Laverne, 56
Croatia, 37
Crocker, Katelynn, 138–142
cross-dressing, 69. See also drag culture
Cunningham, Harriette, 62–63
Daughters of Bilitis, 16–17
Dee, Barbara, 54
DeLarverie, Stormé, 23
Denmark, 37, 85, 86, 151
disabled people, 28, 71, 88
discrimination, 154. See also equality; legal rights
drag culture, 79–80, 81, 154 cross-dressing, 69 kings, 23, 79–80 queens, 20, 22, 27–28, 69
dyke marches, 88–89, 154
Dykes on Bikes, 68, 69
Eastern Europe, 95, 103, 123–125
East Timor, 126
education and advocacy campaigns, 71–72, 127–129 how to help, 150–151 resources, 144–145, 152– social media, ,