Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Black-and-white Vision
Why Black and White?
Creating Black-and-white Images
Visualizing in Monochrome
Selecting Your Images
Creating photographs
Previsualization
The problem with digital
Timing the Moment
Hurry up and wait
Create perfect timing
When Should You Use Black and White?
Finding Photos Wherever You Are
Chapter 2: Photography Fundamentals
Exposure
Learning the histogram
Overexposure
Underexposure
Exposure compensation
Aperture, Shutter Speed, and ISO
Aperture
Shutter Speed
ISO
White Balance
Composition
Rule of Thirds
Balance and symmetry
Exploring design
Shape and simplicity
Your Unique Point of View
Get close to your subject
Anchor your photos
Find natural framing
Get high and low
Chapter 3: Getting the Most Out of Your Camera
Read the Manual
Knowing the Controls
Using the Exposure Modes
Reading the histogram
Exposing to the right
File Settings
Image quality
Raw + JPEG
Adjusting Tone and Contrast in Camera
White Balance Questions
Using Filters
Black-and-white contrast filters
Polarizing filter
Neutral density filters
Settings to Start with
Everything is a situation
Portraits
Landscapes
Still lifes
Street photography
Chapter 4: Working With Light
Metering and Exposure for Black and White
Zone System Basics
Learning Your Metering Systems
Center-weighted meter
Averaging, Evaluative, and Matrix meters
Spot meters
Light Direction
Frontlight
Sidelight
Backlight
Light Quality
Hard light
Soft light
Looking for Landscape Lighting
Great Light for People and Portraits
Reflectors and fill light
Shade and even light
Lighting groups
Dealing with Tones at Twilight
Black and White After Dark
Chapter 5: Tools and Toys
Infrared Digital Photography
IR filters
Dedicated IR cameras
Shooting in IR
Lensbaby
Black and White by Your Side
Camera phones and effects
Point-and-shoot black and white
dSLR specialty cameras
Strobes
Off-camera flash
Studio strobes
Tripods
Getting the most for your money
Tripod heads
Chapter 6: Tonal Quality in Black and White
Colors in Black and White
Tones and Contrast
Working with Shadows and Contrast
Light Quality
Soft light
Hard light
Light direction
Time of day
Dealing with Weather
Opportunities in bad weather
Making the most of where you are
Looking for Highlights
Building Depth in the Shadows
Chapter 7: The Black-and-White Digital File
Converting to Monochrome
Learning from Film Filters
RAW or JPEG?
Do I need to shoot a RAW file?
Black-and-white mode from the camera
Maximizing RAW + JPEG
Digital RAW Black-and-white Conversions
Adobe Camera Raw
Lightroom
Aperture
Digital Negative
Canon Digital Photo Professional
The Nikon Software Suite
Photoshop
Photoshop Elements
Chapter 8: Working in the Digital Darkroom
Understanding Local and Global Changes
Multiple RAW Processing
Working with Adjustment Layers
Levels
Curves
Setting black points and white points
Dodging and Burning
Layer Masks
Shadow and Highlight Tool
Additional Filters and Tools
Nik Silver Efex Pro
Plug-ins, actions, and presets
Gradients
Selective Effects
Tones
Sharpening
Color
Brightness and contrast
Film Simulations
Create Your Own Workflow
Create a protocol for storing images
Process your images
Manage your images
Chapter 9: Toning, Coloring, and Special effects
Old-process Effects
Adding Tints and Tones
Sepia
Selenium
Split Toning
Coloring Monochrome Images
Infrared Effects
High Dynamic Range
Compositing New Images
Chapter 10: Output: printing and Presentation
Inkjet Printers and Papers
Calibrating your Equipment
Monitors
Paper and printer profiles
Creating Black-and-white Prints
Printing contact sheets
Making test prints
Your final print
Creating your own book
Archival printing and storage
Digital Output Options and Ideas
Creating digital contact sheets
Building Web galleries
Sharing images online
Black and White
Digital Photography
Photo Workshop
by Chris Bucher
Black and White Digital Photography Photo Workshop
Published by
Wiley Publishing, Inc.
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www.wiley.com
Copyright © 2011 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
Published simultaneously in Canada
ISBN: 978-0-470-42193-2
Manufactured in the United States of America
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About the Author
Chris Bucher is an award-winning, Indianapolis-based photographer and author whose work, assignments, and clients are extremely diverse. Chris has editorial and commercial photo projects across the country, and he takes every opportunity to return to the deserts of the Southwest, where his fascination with natural light is fueled by the harsh but striking landscapes. His artwork has appeared in shows, galleries, and museums throughout the country and overseas. When not behind the camera, Chris enjoys mountain biking and serving the Humane Society of Indianapolis as a foster parent.
Credits
Acquisitions Editor
Courtney Allen
Project Editor
Chris Wolfgang
Technical Editor
Haje Jan Kamp
Copy Editor
Lauren Kennedy
Editorial Director
Robyn Siesky
Business Manager
Amy Knies
Senior Marketing Manager
Sandy Smith
Vice President and Executive Group Publisher
Richard Swadley
Vice President and Executive Publisher
Barry Pruett
Project Coordinator
Patrick Redmond
Graphics and Production Specialists
Jennifer Henry, Andrea Hornberger, Jennifer Mayberry
Quality Control Technician
Robert Springer
Proofreading
Laura Bowman
Indexing
Infodex Indexing Services, Inc.
Dedication
For my mom, Lee Bucher
Acknowledgments
So many talented people have added their time and expertise to make this book a success. Thanks to Courtney, Rayna, Haje, Kristin, and Lauren for working so hard to help me achieve my vision for this book, and for the opportunity to work together on such a great project. Also, a special thanks to Chris Wolfgang for her hard work, determination, and meticulous editing. She made the best of my words.
Thanks to Lamar Richcreek at the Herron School of Art for helping me get back into the black-and-white darkroom where I rediscovered my artistic passion and vision. The amount of help and good photo conversation that I get from good friend and assistant Kenneth Rhem is always appreciated. I also want to thank my two interns, Nicole Fraga and Justin Jett, for all of their help, especially when the projects weren’t particularly fun or interesting; they were both immensely helpful in making sure these projects happen on time.
I will be forever indebted to Coach Pat, Tevin, Dajon, Denzell, Cody, and Dewayne for letting me into their lives for a while and showing me what can come of great passion and focus.
Most important, thanks to my wife and partner Jennifer for the encouragement, for crafting new ideas, and for working with me on a million different things at once.
Introduction
Now that digital cameras are just called cameras, and film can be the added modifier, some might think that black-and-white photography is passé and no longer of interest, but that couldn’t be further from the truth. There has actually been a revitalization of black-and-white imagery because there are so many options for creating new visions in black-and-white photography.
From the many monochrome options now onboard any digital camera to the black-and-white photo apps for today’s camera phones, opportunities for black-and-white images are all around us. The ability to create fantastic black-and-white images is right there in every digital image that is taken (even when taken in color).
It wasn’t too long ago that as a budding photographer, I put together a makeshift darkroom in my studio apartment. With an enlarger in the closet, chemistry trays perched across the sink and commode, and the shower to wash the prints, I attempted to create my own black-and-white masterpieces of the deserts in the Southwest. Those bathroom prints were mediocre at best, but it fueled my passion to become a photographer and to build on what I learned about black-and-white photography in that makeshift darkroom.
The advent of digital black-and-white photography opens all types of creative doors. By moving a slider or clicking a button, you can affect exposure, contrast, and tone greatly or subtly, and get immediate feedback. The learning curve is often greatly shortened, as is the amount of time it takes to create a masterpiece. Don’t hesitate to spend a few extra moments to push the envelope a bit more to create something that you couldn’t have even imagined a few minutes before.
This book looks at many different avenues of black-and-white photography in the digital world. The book focuses on how to expand your black-and-white vision and the creative options that digital black and white affords you. There are discussions on how to handle different effects and options using various image-editing programs; even if you don’t use one particular program for all your editing, the theories hold true from one program to another with minor differences.
While there are people who simply push the black-and-white button on their cameras and have done with it, there are plenty of photographers out there who are constantly trying to create better black-and-white photos. This book is for those of you who know that your inner Ansel Adams or Richard Avedon is just ready to break out. The examples in this book show you that there is a great black-and-white photographer in every one of you if you just try a few new things; and that while there are so many avenues to take, one of them will make sense for you depending on your thought process and how you look for a solution.
My hope is that this book will push you to create your own black-and-white masterpieces as you learn to think critically about your own work, and to recognize the opportunities around you. While plenty of photographic and computer techniques are discussed, the book is not a technical manual documenting every step of the digital-imaging process. Photography should be fun, so use the directions, and examples of the imagery, to create the photographs that you want.
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