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Getting Started in Property Investing For Dummies®, Australian Edition

Table of Contents

Introduction

How This Book Is Different

Foolish Assumptions

How This Book Is Organised

Part I: Understanding Real Estate as an Investment

Part II: Financing: Raising Capital and Sourcing Loans

Part III: Finding and Operating Properties

Part IV: The Part of Tens

Icons Used in This Book

Where to Go from Here

Part I: Understanding Real Estate as an Investment

Chapter 1: Stacking Up Real Estate Against Other Investments

Getting Yourself Motivated

Comparing Real Estate with Other Investments

Returns

Risk

Liquidity

Income- and wealth-producing potential

Capital requirements

Diversification value

Ability to add value

Tax advantages

Determining Whether Investing in Real Estate Is for You

Do you have sufficient time?

Can you deal with problems?

Can you hire and fire?

Does real estate interest you?

Fitting Real Estate into Your Financial Plans

Ensure your best personal financial health

Protect your property and yourself with insurance

Consider superannuation and property investment

Think about asset allocation

A Warning on Statistics

Chapter 2: Covering the Landscape of Common Real Estate Investments

Investing in Residential Properties

Freestanding houses

Attached housing

Apartment blocks

Deciding among the options

Using Your Home as a Base for Investing

Why tax makes ‘home’ and ‘investment’ different

Buying a place of your own

Converting your home to a rental

Diversifying away from home

Serial home selling

Holiday homes

Considering Commercial Real Estate

Uncovering Undeveloped Land

Researching Property Trusts

Distinguishing between listed and unlisted property trusts

Performing by the numbers

Part II: Financing: Raising Capital and Sourcing Loans

Chapter 3: Sources of Capital

Calculating the Costs of Entry

Determining what you need to get started

Don’t forget stamp duty

Overcoming deposit limitations

A low-entry-cost option

Rounding Up the Required Cash

Make saving a habit

Tap into other cash sources

Primary Sources of Finance: Lenders Big and Small

Banks

Building societies and credit unions

Non-bank lenders

Non-conforming lenders

Borrowing Against Home Equity

What is equity?

The 110 per cent loan — borrowing the lot and then some

Watch those bank valuations

No Home? No Worries!

Advanced Funding Strategies

Leveraging existing real estate investments

Partners and investors

Chapter 4: Financing Your Property Purchases

Taking a Look at Mortgages

Going with the flow: Variable-rate mortgages

Honeymoon rates

Annualised average percentage rates

The security of fixed-rate mortgages

Tax-effective interest-only loans

Making a dent with principal and interest loans

Making Some Decisions

Deciding between variable and fixed

Deciding between interest-only and principal and interest

Deciding on a loan term

Reviewing Other Common Lending Fees

Mortgages That Should Make You Think Twice

Interest-capitalising loans

Recourse financing

Vendor’s Terms

Chapter 5: Shopping for and Securing the Best Mortgage Terms

Shopping for Mortgages

Putting your existing relationship to the test

Mulling over mortgage brokers

Looking for loans on the internet

Relying on referrals

Economies of Scale

Buying banking in bulk

Taking on bigger and bigger debt

Sizing Up Banking Products

Interest rates: Is cheaper always better?

Merging your home and investment finances

Linking an offset account

Paying ahead into a redraw account

Other useful products

Considering a Professional Package

Avoiding Some Big Hidden Nasties

Lenders’ mortgage insurance

Exit fees

Attributing Rental Income

Solving Loan Predicaments

Polishing your credit report

Conquering insufficient income

Part III: Finding and Operating Properties

Chapter 6: Location, Location, Value

Deciding Where to Invest

Evaluating a Region: The Big Picture

Population growth

Job growth and income levels

Investigating Your Intended Real Estate Market

Australia’s major property markets

Supply and demand

On the Block: Metropolitan Properties

Inner city

Suburban

Seek and You Shall Find: The Sea, Ski or Tree Change

Heading for the coast

Regional and rural hideaways

Comparing Communities Come Investment Time

Schools

Public transport

Amenities

Crime rates

Pride of ownership

Chapter 7: The Ongoing Costs of Real Estate

Budgeting for the Inevitable

Mortgage interest — month in, month out

Financing unpredictable maintenance issues

Body corporate fees

Ongoing Property Taxes

Council rates

Land tax

Other Costs to Be Aware Of

Utility charges

Agents’ fees

Property improvements

Insurance

Gardens

Chapter 8: Landlording 101

Managing Yourself or Hiring Help?

Ignorance is no excuse

Assessing your skills as a property manager

Hiring professional management

DIY property management

Renting Vacant Properties

Establishing tenant-selection criteria

Determining lease length

Setting the rent

Adding value through renovations and upgrades

Advertising for tenants

Taking and verifying applications

Signing Leases and Collecting Money

Reviewing and signing documents

Collecting the money

Inspecting the property with your tenant

Working with Existing Tenants

Meeting tenants and inspecting the property

Entering into a new rental agreement

Increasing rents

Avoiding Discrimination Complaints

Being fair to families and children

Dealing with tenants with disabilities

Dealing with tenants and pets

Chapter 9: Building a Portfolio

Using Property’s Power Tools

Compounding returns

Powering with leverage

Combining compound returns and leverage

Buying Your Second Investment Property

Buying the Third, Fourth, Fifth and Beyond

Property three

Property six

Growing Equity

Getting comfortable with big debt

Servicing a ‘menagerie of mortgages’

Keeping an eye on leverage

Funding Several Properties

Understanding Good Debt versus Bad Debt

Diversifying Your Portfolio

Across a city or state

Across Australia

Building an income stream

Part IV: The Part of Tens

Chapter 10: Ten Ways to Increase a Property’s Return

Raising Rents

Reducing Turnover

Subdividing and Developing

Keeping Your Banker on Her Toes

Maintaining and Renovating

Cutting Back on Operating Expenses

Taking Advantage of Tax Benefits

Being Prepared to Move On

Adding Value through Change in Use

Improving Management

About the Authors

Introduction

Welcome to Getting Started in Property Investing For Dummies, Australian Edition! We’re delighted to be your tour guides. Throughout this book, we emphasise three fundamental cornerstones that we believe to be true:

check.png Property is one of the three time-tested ways for people of varied economic means to build wealth (the others are shares and small business). Over the long term, you should be able to make an annual return of around 7 to 9 per cent per year investing in real estate.

check.png Investing in real estate isn’t rocket science but does require doing your homework. If you’re sloppy with your legwork, you’re more likely to end up with inferior properties or to overpay for a property. Our book clearly explains how to buy the best properties at a fair (even below-market!) price. (Although we cover all types of properties, our book concentrates on residential investment opportunities, which are more accessible and appropriate for non-experts.)

check.png Although you should make money over the long term investing in good real estate properties, you can lose money, especially in the short term. Don’t unrealistically expect real estate values to increase every year. When you invest in real estate for the long term, which is what we advocate and practise ourselves, the occasional price declines should be merely bumps on an otherwise fruitful journey.

How This Book Is Different

If you expect us (in property spruiker fashion) to tell you how to become an overnight multimillionaire, this is definitely not the book for you. And please allow us to save you money, disappointment and heartache by telling you that such shysters are only enriching themselves through their grossly overpriced CDs and seminars, or are likely urging you into their property developments with funding from their related-party loans.

Getting Started in Property Investing For Dummies, Australian Edition, covers tried and proven real estate investing strategies that real people, just like you, use to build wealth. Specifically, this book explains how to invest in houses, units, apartments, small apartment blocks, commercial properties and raw (undeveloped) land. We also cover ‘indirect’ real estate investments such as real estate investment trusts (REITs) that you can purchase through the Australian Securities Exchange or a real estate managed fund.

The objective of our book is to give you the best crash course in property investing, so that, if you choose to make investments in properties, you may do so wisely and confidently.

Foolish Assumptions

Whenever authors sit down to write books, they have particular audiences in mind. Because of this, they must make some assumptions about who the reader is and what that reader is looking for. Here are a few assumptions we’ve made about you:

check.png You’re looking for a way to invest in real estate but don’t know what types of properties and strategies are best. (We’ll show you.)

check.png You’re considering buying an investment property, be it a house, a unit, an apartment or flat, a small apartment or unit complex or an office building, but your real estate experience is largely limited to renting an apartment or owning your own home.

check.png You may have a small amount of money already invested in real estate, but you’re ready to go after more or bigger properties.

check.png You’re looking for a way to diversify your investment portfolio.

If any of these descriptions hits home for you, you’ve come to the right place.

How This Book Is Organised

We’ve organised Getting Started in Property Investing For Dummies, Australian Edition, into four parts. Here’s what you can find in each.

Part I: Understanding Real Estate as an Investment

In this part, we explain how property compares with other investments, how to determine whether you’ve got what it takes to succeed as a real estate investor, and how much money you’ll need to invest in various types of real estate. We cover why your home isn’t really an investment property and why a holiday home can be both home and investment property. We also discuss the range of real estate investments available to you — such as residential and commercial properties — and researching property trusts.

Part II: Financing: Raising Capital and Sourcing Loans

You can’t play if you can’t pay. This part details how and where to come up with the dough you need to buy property. We explain the common loans available and some not-so-common ways to finance property investment. We also share all of our favourite strategies for finding and negotiating the best deals when you need a mortgage.

Part III: Finding and Operating Properties

This part looks at the rules of buying real estate right. We tell you how to determine where and what to buy. In this part, you find out how to choose the best locations and how to project a property’s cash flow. We also take a look at the ongoing costs of real estate and what you need to consider to cover those expenses. Importantly, we also focus on the basics of being a landlord, and how to find and keep the best tenants and sign solid lease contracts. And finally, we provide some tips on building a property portfolio, as you look at purchasing your third (fourth, fifth, sixth . . .) real estate investment.

Part IV: The Part of Tens

This part contains ten important tips that didn’t fit neatly into the rest of this book. This section includes ten ways to increase a property’s return, from raising rent prices, to subdividing and developing, and taking advantage of tax benefits.

Icons Used in This Book

Throughout this book, you can find friendly and useful icons to enhance your reading pleasure and to note specific types of information. Here’s what each icon means:

geni004.ai This alerts you to those who may have conflicts of interest or offer biased advice, as well as other concerns that could really cost you big bucks.

geni003.ai This icon flags concepts and facts that we want to ensure you remember as you make your real estate investments.

geni002.ai Included with this icon are complex examples and interesting technical stuff that you may want to read to become even more familiar with the topic.

geni005.ai This icon points out something that can save you time, headaches, money or all of the above!

geni001.ai Here we’re trying to direct you away from blunders and errors that others have made when investing in property.

geni006.ai Suddenly investing in real estate is much easier with research tools a mouse click away. This icon highlights the most useful sites.

Where to Go from Here

If you have the time and desire, we encourage you to read this book in its entirety. It provides you with a picture of how to maximise your returns while minimising your risks in the property market. But you may also choose to read selected portions. That’s one of the great things (among many) about For Dummies books. You can readily pick and choose the information you read based on your individual needs.

Part I

Understanding Real Estate as an Investment

Glenn Lumsden

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‘. . . and if the real estate market ever nosedives, you can always just live off the gingerbread.’

In this part . . .

Real estate is just one of many available investment options, so, in this part, we compare real estate investing with alternatives you may consider and look at how to fit real estate into your overall financial plans.