Carroll is recipient of the AAS Division of Planetary Science’s Jonathan Eberhart Award for best planetary science article of the year. He is a Fellow and founding member of the International Association for the Astronomical Arts, and recipient of the Lucien Rudaux award for lifetime achievement in the astronomical arts. He was a fellow in the 2016-17 Antarctic Artists and Writers Program of the U.S. National Science Foundation. One of his paintings is on the surface of Mars—in digital form—aboard the Phoenix lander.