SAPIENS EDITORIAL
Full Summary Of “Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism and Progress – By Steven Pinker”
Sapiens Editorial
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Author: Sapiens Editorial
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ISBN: 9783965088467
FULL SUMMARY OF
ENLIGHTENMENT NOW
THE CASE FOR REASON, SCIENCE, HUMANISM AND PROGRESS
BY STEVEN PINKER
WRITTEN BY:
SAPIENS EDITORIAL
INTRODUCTION
PART I: THE 18TH CENTURY AND THE NEWS
Historic Context
The Temptation Of Declinism
Myths That Drive Us To Declinism
What Does Humanism Do?
The Hope Of Life And Health
The Famine
The Conditions Of Poverty
Security
Quality Of Life
The State Of World Peace
The Prevalence Of Democracy
Equality In Human Rights
The Power Of Knowledge
PART II: HOW TO AVOID IRRATIONALITY
The Entropy In The Human Condition
The Capacity Of The Human Brain
The Profile Of Those Who Don’t Trust Enlightenment
How To Avoid Fear Of Progress With A Quantitative Mentality
What Does The Future Hold?
ABOUT STEVEN PINKER: THE AUTHOR OF THE ORIGINAL BOOK
ABOUT SAPIENS EDITORIAL
NOTE ABOUT THE BOOK
REVIEWS
LEGAL DISCLAIMER
COPYRIGHT
There are plenty of reasons to be optimistic about the human race: since the 18th century, when the era of reason began, humanity has managed to reduce illness, poverty and violence, even though these regrettable elements still exist today. However, even if they have not yet been completely eradicated, it is undeniable that we live in a world where superstitious, warlike and racist thinking is criticized by the majority. The key to obtaining this optimistic perspective is to put the history of humanity in context, and to be aware of the objective progress that has been achieved.
The goal of this book is to defend the ideas that support the modern era and whose intention is, in truth, to continue fighting to build a better world. Steven Pinker presents us with a refreshing and hopeful prose, above all because his arguments are based on real data and statistics that start from “The Enlightenment” as a watershed between a dark humanity and another governed by reason.
Progress is constituted by three fundamental steps: reason, science and humanism. Pinker motivates us to continue rising them, as indeed it has been done since the 18th century. This has led to progress that has not been done by a few but has become massive for most people in all aspects of life. However, it does not mean that we are out of danger, because we are still attacking reason, science and humanism for the benefit of the few, so it is necessary to prepare ourselves to defend them.
If there are days when you get discouraged by seeing all the bad news around the world, which makes you believe that humanity is going from bad to worse, this is the time to change your perspective through historical analysis. Thus, you will realize that you are living in the best moment in centuries and you will be able to appreciate the hope and happiness that surround you. This book will help you understand how life expectancy has improved from the past, how conditions have improved for many people and why we should not fear new technology, which is our ally.
The eighteenth century was a key moment in history and indicated the way in which humanity would develop; those ideals could then continue in force and in full application. Great philosophers like Immanuel Kant began an irreversible change in which reason would become the solution for all the ills of society, beginning by the removal of power by religious manipulation. From reason, humanism and science flourished to give us a deeper understanding of human nature.
Humanism is that Enlightenment thought which posits that all people are equal, and nobody should be above anyone else. This created a new moral to sensitize social systems at all levels, such as government, education and trade.